Door-mortising machine



E. W. STEVENS.

DOOR [MORTISING MACHINE. A

Patented Peb; 24, 18.875.

l (No Model.) 1

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NrTEn STATES PATENT @Erica FRANK NY. STEVENS, OF LOVELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

DOOR-MORTISING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 312,669, dated February 24, 1885.

Application filed February 29, 1684. (No mndel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK W. STEvENs, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mortising-Ma chines, of which the following is a specifica tion.

My invention relates to machines for cutting doors and doorcasings to receive vthe hinges or butts, which machines may also be used to mortise the edges of doors to receive mortisef locks and mortise knob-latches.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is an isometric view of a machine embodying my invention and secured to the edge of a door. Figs. 2, 3,A and et are front, end, and sectional views, respectively, of said machine, Fig. 4being a section on the line .fr x in Fig. 2. Fig. 2` represents a side elevation of one of the gears and a part of its spindle, showing also a hub, and showing in section the gear plate and washer. Fig. 2B is a plan of said gear-plate.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through the spin-` dles just above the bits. Fig. 6 isa plan of the top of the frame andthe latch pivoted thereon, and the middle spindle in horizontal section at the top of the latch. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section of a part of the door post and casing, and a side view of a clamp adapted to secure the machine to the casing. Fig. 8 is a plan of the clamp shown in Fig. 7 Fig. 9, a side view of the cam used in the clamp shown in Figs. 7 and S.

A is the frame of the machine proper, and is nearly rectangular, having the upper, A', and lower, A2, plates. In these plates, and perpendicular to the same, are iitted spindles A5 and A, the central spindle, A5, being squared at the top to receive a crank lever or wrench, which is held in place by the washer and screw B, the endY of the spindle being drilled and threaded to receive said screw. The spindles terminate at their lower ends in bits A7,which may be like ordinary center-bits, but which I prefer to make each with a single cutter and spur; and in place of the usual center-points I provide gimlet-screws with very iine threads in order that the bits may cut slowly and smoothly. The distancebetween the centers of two adjacent bits is less than the sum of the radii ofthe circles described by them, respectively, in order to leave less work to be done by the chisel in straightening lthe back edge of the hinge-seat. are arranged at unequal angles to the plane of the axes of their spindles, in order that they' may not interfere with each other when rotated. The spindles are parallel to each other, and the axes of adjacent spindles are in the same plane.

The spindles are provided with spur-gears B2, having an equal number of teeth, and the adjacent gears engage with each other and cause the outer spindles, A", to move with the central spindle, A, but in the opposite direc tion.

Between the gears and the u p per plate, A', around the spindle, are spiral springs B3,which crowd the spindles downward and cause the gimlet-points to enter the wood of the door.

While the machine is being set on the door the gimletpoints are held ont of Contact with the wood by an annular groove, A, in the central spindle, and a latch, C, provided with a notch wide enough to admit the grooved part of the spindle, said latch being pivoted at C tothe pla-te A, (see Figs. l and 6,) and the spindles being all caused to move together vertically by a metallic plate, C3, provided with holes C, which surround hubs BL on the .under side ot' the gears'B the plate being held up against an annular shoulder, C, on said hubs B* by collars B, surrounding said hubs below said plate and secured to said hubs by screws or pins. rI`he spindles being connected by said plate, it is evident that all the spindles will have a simultaneous vertical movement.

Below the collars B the spindles are surrounded by stopcollars C, which by means of set-screws Bl, turningin them and thrusting against said spindles,are adjustable vertically on the spindles to gage the depth of the cnt made by the bits, because lthe stop-collars, striking the lower plate, Az, of the frame, prevent the further descent of the bits.

Vhen the machine is in use, it is secured to the edge of the door by the means described below. A clamp, D, is provided with a fixed jaw,D, the same being a tlat plate. Cast in one piece with said fixed jaw D', and at right The cutters of adjacent bits L IOO angles thereto, are two bars, Di, which are vreduced and extended to form two rails, D3, on which the movable jaw E of the clamp slides, this movable j aw being provided with slots E', to receive said rails, and with set-screws E2, which, turning in the top of said movable jaw, thrust against said rails.

By means ofthe set-screws the clamp is adjusted to bring the binder-plate G, hereinafter described, to the proper distance from the iiXed jaw of the clamp. The binder-plate G is provided with two pins, G', which project through holes E3 in the movable jaw E outwardly. rlhe pins G are long enough to a1- low the binder-plate to move for a slight dis- .tance from the movable jaw E, and are provided with heads G2, to prevent said binderplate from becoming detached from said jaw E. The binder F is a lever pivoted between ears E4, cast on the outer face ofthe movable jaw E, said binder being provided with an eccentric, F3, which projects through a slot in said movable jaw E against the binder-plate, so that, turning the handle FZ of the binder up into the position shown in Fig. 4, the edge of a door placed within the clamp may be pinched between the inner faces of the binder-plate and the fixed jaw D. By turning the handle downward the door is released from the clamp.

To prevent the door being marred by the jaw D and the binder-plate G, these parts are covered with sheets of rubber, D4 G3, or other soft material, which sheets also enable the clamp to adhere more closely to the door.

The machine proper is secured to the clamp l) by screws or bolts A4, which pass through slots A3 in ears or end extensions, A10, of the frame, at the bottom thereof. .Loosening the screws, the machinefmay be adjusted sidewise on the clamp, according to the width of the hinge-seat or mortise desired to be cut by the bits, or may be moved so as to slot the edge of the door for a mortise-lock or mortise knoblatch. r

The frame of the machine is always kept 'parallel with the fixed jaw of the clamp by parallel guides on the clamp, between which slide the parallel end edges of the eXtension A10. 4

In operation, the clamp being so adjusted by the set-screws and movable jaw that the edge of a door will nearly fill the space between the xed jaw of the clamp and thebinder-plate, when the handle F2 and the stop-collars C5 being properly adjusted to gage the depth of the key-seat, the clamp, with the machine connected thereto as above described, is secured to the'edge of the door by turning up the handle F2, the machine is moved to the proper position on the clamp and secured thereto by tightening the bolts, the latch is swung to the position shown by dotted linein Fig. 6, allowing the gimlet-points to be thrown down by the springs against the edge of the door, and the crank Bis turned until the stopcollars strike the lower plate of the frame.

The machine may then be unclauiped and applied in a similar way to any number of doors of equal dimensions to be provided with hinges of the same sizes without readj ustment of the parts. The saine clamp may in some cases be used to secure the machine to a door-v casing, to form a seat for the other or lower leaf of the hinge.

Vhere the irregular moldings of the doorcasing will not allow the use of a clamp just der theinner edges of theface-casing. Around the outer ends of each of the rods J J are placed two sleeves, M N, which have their contiguous ends provided with inclines or cams h N', inclined in opposite directions, the sleeve next the clamp H being prevented from turning on the rod by aspline, J3, on the rod and a key-seat, J4, in the sleeve, and the other sleeve held on the rod loosely by a pin, M, passing through said rod nearer the end thereof. The clamp being placed on the casing, clamp-plates being adjusted by means of the nuts K to barely reach beyond the facecasing, turning the handle M, secured to the other sleeve, will cause the inclines of the outer sleeves to slide up on the inclines of the.

inner sleeves and draw the clamp H firmly against the jamb of the door. The machine is then operated as above described.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination of two or more bits provided with spindles arranged parallel with each other, the adjacent spindles having their centers nearer together than the sum of the radii of the circles described by them, respectively, the cutters of adjacent bits being arranged at different angles to the plane of the axes of their spindles, and each of said spindles being provided with spur-gears having an equal number of teeth, the adjacent gears engaging with each other, and a crank secured to one of said spindles, as and for thepurpose specied.

2. The combination of two or more bits having spindles arranged parallel with each other, gears having an equal number of teeth secured to said spindles, and-the gears of adjacent spindles engaging with each other, said gears being smaller in diameter than the circles described by theirrespective bits, the cutters of adjacent bits being arranged at unequal angles to the plane of the axes of their spindles, and a crank secured to one of said spindles, as and for the purpose specified.

8. The combination of two or niorebits having spindles arranged parallel with each other,

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gears secured to said spindles at a uniform distance from said bits and provided with hubs, a plate provided with holes to receive said hubs, and collars surrounding said hubs and secured to the same on the Opposite side of said plate from said gears, as and for the purpose specified.

4. The combination of the frame, bits provided with parallel spindles turning in said frame, a latch pivoted to the top of said frame, one Ot' said spindles being provided with an annular groove adapted to receive said latch, the gears secured to the spindles and provided with hubs having' annular shoulders, a plate provided with holes adapted to receive said hubs up to the shoulders, and collars surrounding and secured to said hubs below said plate, as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of the clamp provided with parallel guides, a boring-machine pro-v vided With extensions having parallel end edges, and having slots parallel to said end edges, and screws adapted to pass through Said slots into said clamp and to secure said machine thereto, as and for the purpose specied.

6. The combination of the clamp having a fixed jaw and provided with rails, the movable jaw slotted to receive said rails, and setscrews turning in said movable j aw and thrusting against said rails, the binder-plate, and the binder provided with an eccentric pivoted on said movable jaw, said movable jaw having another slot to receive said eccentric, as and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination of the clamp having a fixed jaw and provided with rails, the movable jaw slotted to receive said rails, and setscrews turning in said movable j avv and thrusting against said rails, the binder-plate provided With pins projecting outwardly through holes in the niovablejaw and havingheads, and the binder provided with an eccentric pivoted on said niovablejaw, said movable jaw having another slot to receive said eccentric, as and for the purpose specified.

y FRANK W. STEVENS.-

Witnesses:

ALBERT M. MOORE, E. W. THOMPSON. 

